Cowage seed, also known as Mucuna pruriens or velvet bean, has a long history of use in Ayurvedic medicine for supporting male reproductive health, particularly for enhancing libido, improving fertility, and managing sexual dysfunction. The seeds are rich in L-DOPA, a direct precursor to dopamine, which is involved in regulating mood, motivation, and sexual function.

Scientifically, several studies have investigated Mucuna pruriens for its effects on the male reproductive system. Research published in journals such as Fertility and Sterility and Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine has shown that supplementation with cowage seed extract can improve sperm count, motility, and semen quality in infertile men. These effects are believed to be due to its antioxidant properties and its ability to reduce psychological stress, both of which are beneficial for male fertility.

The evidence base is moderate: while animal and small human trials show positive effects, larger and more rigorous clinical studies are needed to draw definitive conclusions. Nonetheless, the combination of traditional use and preliminary scientific evidence supports the use of cowage seed as a supplement for male reproductive health, justifying a mid-level rating.