Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Vitamin B9, also known as folate or folic acid (when in synthetic form), has scientific evidence supporting its role in the male reproductive system, though the evidence is moderate rather than robust. Folate is essential for DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation, processes that are critical for spermatogenesis (the production of sperm). Several clinical and observational studies have identified associations between adequate folate status and improved semen quality, including sperm count, motility, and reduced levels of sperm DNA damage. Some randomized controlled trials have shown that folic acid supplementation, alone or in combination with zinc, can improve certain semen parameters in subfertile men, although not all studies have demonstrated clear benefits for fertility outcomes such as pregnancy rates.

Mechanistically, folate deficiency can lead to increased homocysteine levels and oxidative stress, both of which are detrimental to sperm health. Furthermore, folate is involved in epigenetic regulation, which can influence gene expression in sperm and potentially impact offspring health.

While folate is widely recognized for its critical role in female reproductive health and fetal development, its importance for male fertility is increasingly acknowledged in the scientific literature. However, more large-scale, well-controlled studies are needed to establish definitive recommendations for supplementation in the context of male reproductive health.

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