Vitamin E, a group of compounds known as tocopherols and tocotrienols, is recognized for its antioxidant properties. There is scientific evidence suggesting that vitamin E plays a role in supporting the male reproductive system, primarily through its ability to protect sperm membranes from oxidative damage. Oxidative stress is known to negatively impact sperm quality, motility, and overall fertility. Several studies have indicated that vitamin E supplementation can improve certain parameters of male fertility, particularly in cases of idiopathic infertility or where oxidative stress is a contributing factor.

For instance, randomized controlled trials have found that vitamin E, alone or in combination with other antioxidants (such as vitamin C or selenium), can improve sperm motility and reduce DNA fragmentation in sperm, potentially increasing the chances of conception. Some meta-analyses suggest a moderate benefit, though results are not universally consistent across all populations and study designs.

While vitamin E does not appear to affect hormone levels directly, its role in reducing lipid peroxidation in sperm membranes is well documented. Historical use also supports its importance in reproduction, as the vitamin was first discovered in studies on fertility in rats. Still, while scientific support exists, the overall evidence is moderate and more robust, large-scale studies are needed to clarify its effectiveness and optimal dosing in male fertility support.