Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin E (tocopheryl acetate)
For the body system: Male Reproductive System

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Vitamin E (commonly as tocopheryl acetate) has been studied for its potential role in supporting the male reproductive system, particularly with respect to sperm health and fertility. Scientifically, Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage. Since sperm cells are highly susceptible to oxidative stress due to their high polyunsaturated fatty acid content, Vitamin E is hypothesized to play a protective role. Several animal and human studies have investigated this relationship. For example, some clinical trials have found that Vitamin E supplementation can improve sperm motility and reduce sperm DNA fragmentation, particularly in men with infertility linked to oxidative stress. A 2019 meta-analysis in Andrologia showed that antioxidant supplementation, including Vitamin E, modestly improved semen parameters, though the effect on pregnancy rates was less consistent.

Historically, Vitamin E was referred to as the "fertility vitamin" after early animal studies in the 1920s and 1930s showed that Vitamin E-deficient diets led to infertility in rats. However, while preclinical and some clinical data support its use, the overall strength of evidence is moderate rather than robust. Not all studies have shown benefit, and there is variability in outcomes. Thus, while there is scientific rationale and some supportive evidence for Vitamin E in male reproductive health—especially as an adjunct in men with oxidative stress-related infertility—the evidence is not strong enough to justify universal supplementation for all men.

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