Flower pollen extracts, particularly those derived from rye pollen (Secale cereale), have been studied as a non-hormonal option for managing menopausal symptoms, especially hot flashes and other vasomotor symptoms. The rationale for their use stems from initial observations in Europe, where pollen extract supplements have been marketed since the 1970s for menopausal support. Several small-scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and open-label studies have reported that flower pollen extracts may reduce the frequency and severity of hot flashes, improve sleep, and enhance overall well-being in menopausal women. The mechanism is not fully understood, but it is proposed that pollen extracts may have serotonergic activity and modulate neurotransmitters involved in thermoregulation and mood.

A 2015 systematic review (Menopause, 2015) concluded that while some studies show a positive effect of pollen extracts on menopausal symptoms, the overall quality of evidence is low due to small sample sizes, risk of bias, and variability in products used. Most studies have been conducted by manufacturers or have potential conflicts of interest. There is no evidence of estrogenic activity, making pollen extracts a potentially safer alternative for women who cannot take hormone therapy. However, robust, independent, large-scale clinical trials are lacking. Thus, while there is some scientific support, the evidence remains limited and inconclusive.