Crocetin, a natural carotenoid compound primarily found in saffron (Crocus sativus), has garnered research interest for its potential effects on components of metabolic syndrome, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and inflammation. Several preclinical studies (mainly in animal models) have demonstrated that crocetin administration can reduce blood glucose levels, improve lipid profiles (lower triglycerides and total cholesterol, increase HDL), and decrease markers of oxidative stress and inflammation. For example, rodent studies have shown that crocetin supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and modulates hepatic enzymes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism.

Human evidence, however, remains limited. A few small clinical studies and pilot trials suggest that saffron extracts (which contain crocetin along with other compounds) may have modest benefits on glycemic control and lipid parameters in people with type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, these studies often do not isolate crocetin as the active component, making it difficult to attribute the effects solely to crocetin. Additionally, sample sizes are small and studies are generally short-term, limiting the strength of conclusions.

To date, there is no robust clinical evidence or large, high-quality randomized controlled trials specifically validating crocetin as an effective intervention for metabolic syndrome in humans. Thus, while there is a scientific rationale and supportive animal data, the clinical evidence is preliminary.