Diosgenin is a natural steroidal saponin found in several plants, most notably wild yam (Dioscorea species). Its primary use has historically been as a precursor for the semi-synthesis of steroid hormones in the pharmaceutical industry. However, in recent years, some preclinical (animal and cell-based) studies have suggested that diosgenin may possess biological activities relevant to metabolic syndrome, including anti-obesity, antihyperglycemic, and lipid-lowering effects. For example, diosgenin has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity, reduce blood glucose levels, and modulate lipid metabolism in rodent models of diet-induced obesity and diabetes. Potential mechanisms include activation of AMPK, modulation of PPARγ, inhibition of intestinal cholesterol absorption, and antioxidant activity.

Despite these promising findings, there is a lack of well-designed human clinical trials to confirm efficacy or safety for metabolic syndrome. Most of the available evidence is limited to laboratory or animal studies. Therefore, while the use of diosgenin for metabolic syndrome has some scientific basis in preclinical research, there is insufficient high-quality evidence to support its effectiveness in humans. It is not a traditional remedy for metabolic syndrome, and major clinical guidelines do not currently recommend its use for this purpose.