Evidence supporting the use of: Acetylsalicylic acid
For the health condition: Migraine

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Acetylsalicylic acid (commonly known as aspirin) has scientific validation for use in the treatment of migraine, particularly in the acute management of mild to moderate migraine attacks. Multiple randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews have demonstrated that high-dose aspirin (typically 900–1000 mg) is effective in reducing headache pain and associated symptoms in migraine attacks. Its efficacy has been shown to be comparable to that of some standard migraine medications, such as sumatriptan and paracetamol, for certain patients.

The mechanism of action is related to its inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, leading to decreased synthesis of prostaglandins, which are involved in inflammation and pain signaling. Additionally, aspirin’s anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties are thought to play a role in alleviating migraine symptoms.

Clinical guidelines, such as those from the European Federation of Neurological Societies and the American Headache Society, include aspirin as an option for acute migraine treatment, particularly when triptans are contraindicated or unavailable. Aspirin is also sometimes used in combination with other agents, such as metoclopramide, to improve efficacy and reduce nausea.

Overall, while not the first-line therapy for all patients, acetylsalicylic acid is a well-supported, evidence-based option for the acute treatment of migraine, especially for those who cannot use other specific migraine therapies.

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