Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Beta-caryophyllene (BCP) is a dietary cannabinoid and sesquiterpene found in many essential oils, including those from black pepper, clove, and cannabis. There is emerging scientific evidence supporting its use for migraine relief, though the evidence is still preliminary. BCP selectively binds to the CB2 cannabinoid receptor, which is involved in the modulation of inflammation and pain. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that BCP has significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and neuroprotective effects.

Animal studies have shown that BCP can attenuate pain and inflammation, mechanisms believed to contribute to migraine pathogenesis. For example, a 2014 study in European Journal of Pharmacology found that BCP reduced inflammatory pain via CB2 receptor activation. Some animal models of migraine-like pain have demonstrated that targeting the endocannabinoid system can reduce headache symptoms, suggesting a plausible mechanism for BCP’s effects.

However, direct clinical evidence in humans with migraine is lacking, and no large-scale randomized controlled trials have specifically investigated BCP for migraine treatment. The use of BCP for migraine is therefore supported by its known pharmacology and encouraging animal data, but more research is needed to confirm efficacy and safety in humans. Thus, the evidence supporting BCP’s use in migraine is promising but limited, meriting a moderate rating pending further studies.

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