Evidence supporting the use of: Beta Hydroxybutyrate
For the health condition: Migraine

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Beta hydroxybutyrate (BHB), a primary ketone body produced during states of ketosis, has garnered scientific interest as a potential adjunct for migraine management. The rationale stems from observations that ketogenic diets—characterized by elevated BHB—can reduce migraine frequency and severity in some patients. Preliminary studies propose several mechanisms: BHB may stabilize neuronal excitability, improve mitochondrial function, reduce neuroinflammation, and modulate glutamate activity, all of which are implicated in migraine pathophysiology.

Clinical evidence remains limited but promising. Small pilot studies and case reports have shown that ketogenic diets, which raise circulating BHB, can lead to meaningful reductions in migraine days and intensity. However, these studies often lack controls and involve dietary changes, making it difficult to attribute effects solely to BHB. More recently, exogenous BHB supplements have been explored. Early animal studies and pilot human trials suggest they may mimic the beneficial effects of ketogenic diets, but robust, placebo-controlled human data are scarce.

In summary, while there is a scientific rationale and some preliminary evidence supporting BHB’s use in migraine, high-quality clinical trials are needed to validate efficacy and determine optimal dosing. Current evidence rates as modest (2/5), reflecting a foundation in theory and early research rather than established clinical practice.

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