Black seed (Nigella sativa) has been traditionally used in various cultures, especially in the Middle East and South Asia, for a wide range of ailments, including headaches and migraine relief. Historical texts and traditional medicine systems such as Unani and Ayurveda mention black seed oil or its extracts as a remedy for head pain, often due to its perceived anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.

Scientifically, there is limited clinical evidence to directly support the use of black seed for migraine specifically. Some small studies and animal research suggest that thymoquinone, a key active compound in black seed, may have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic effects. These properties could theoretically contribute to migraine relief, as inflammation and oxidative stress are considered factors in migraine pathology. However, most research has focused on general pain, inflammation, or neurological protection rather than migraine specifically.

In summary, black seed is used for migraine support primarily based on traditional practices and anecdotal reports rather than robust scientific validation. While some preliminary laboratory and animal studies support its potential mechanisms, high-quality human trials specifically addressing migraine are lacking. Therefore, its use in this context should be viewed as complementary and traditional rather than evidence-based.