Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid found in fish oil, has some emerging scientific evidence for supporting migraine management, though the overall quality and quantity of evidence is low to moderate. The rationale for its use comes from the role of omega-3 fatty acids in modulating inflammation and neuronal function. Some small clinical trials and observational studies have evaluated the impact of omega-3 supplementation (often in combination with eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA) on migraine frequency, duration, and severity. A 2018 randomized clinical trial published in Lipids in Health and Disease reported a reduction in migraine frequency and severity among patients supplemented with EPA and DHA compared to placebo, though the study had a small sample size and combined both fatty acids, making it difficult to attribute effects solely to DHA. Other studies have produced mixed results, with some showing benefit and others no significant effect. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses generally conclude that while omega-3 supplementation appears safe, the evidence for efficacy in migraine prevention is limited and inconsistent, and larger, high-quality trials are needed.

In summary, there is some scientific rationale and preliminary clinical evidence supporting the use of DHA (usually alongside EPA) in migraine, but the overall evidence base is weak and does not strongly support its routine use for this purpose.