Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Purple butterbur root (Petasites hybridus) has been investigated for its potential in migraine prevention. Several randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials have found that standardized extracts of butterbur root (notably the product Petadolex®) can reduce the frequency of migraine attacks. The active compounds are thought to be petasin and isopetasin, which may exert anti-inflammatory effects and modulate calcium channels involved in migraine pathophysiology.

In a notable 2004 study published in Neurology, a 150 mg daily dose of butterbur extract significantly reduced migraine frequency compared to placebo. A 2012 guideline from the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society concluded that butterbur is “effective” for migraine prevention (Level A evidence), although this recommendation was later withdrawn due to concerns about potential liver toxicity and the need for pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) to be properly removed from supplements.

Butterbur root’s use for migraine is not primarily based on traditional medicine, but rather on relatively recent scientific investigation. However, safety concerns have led to caution in its use, and only PA-free, standardized extracts are considered appropriate for clinical use. Despite positive evidence, regulatory and safety issues have led to less frequent recommendation today.

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Integrative Therapeutics Petadolex