Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine HCl)
For the health condition: Migraine

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine HCl) has some scientific support for its use in migraine prevention, but the evidence is limited and not fully conclusive. The rationale for its use is largely based on its role in homocysteine metabolism. Elevated homocysteine levels have been implicated in the pathogenesis of migraines in certain studies. Vitamin B6, often in combination with folic acid and vitamin B12, can help lower homocysteine levels. Several small randomized controlled trials and observational studies have examined the effect of these B vitamins on migraine frequency and severity. Some have found that supplementation reduces migraine frequency, particularly in individuals with the MTHFR gene mutation, which affects homocysteine metabolism. For example, a 2009 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study found that a combination of B6, B12, and folic acid significantly reduced migraine disability and attack frequency in patients with migraine with aura. However, it is unclear how much of this effect is attributable to B6 alone, as most studies have used B vitamins in combination. Guidelines from major headache societies do not currently recommend B6 as a standalone treatment for migraine due to insufficient high-quality evidence. In summary, while there is a plausible biochemical rationale and some clinical evidence supporting the use of vitamin B6 (especially as part of a B-vitamin complex) in migraine prevention, the overall strength of the evidence is modest.

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