AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an energy sensor enzyme that plays a central role in cellular energy homeostasis. Its activation is directly linked to mitochondrial health and function. AMPK is not a supplement or herbal ingredient but a cellular enzyme that can be activated by certain compounds (e.g., metformin, AICAR, exercise, caloric restriction).

Scientific evidence supports AMPK’s role in supporting mitochondrial biogenesis and function. When activated, AMPK promotes the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Studies in cellular and animal models have shown that AMPK activation enhances mitochondrial content, improves oxidative metabolism, and increases ATP production. For example, research published in Cell Metabolism and Nature demonstrates that AMPK activation increases the number and efficiency of mitochondria, particularly in muscle and liver tissues.

Additionally, pharmacological activation of AMPK has been shown to protect against mitochondrial dysfunction in models of metabolic disease, neurodegeneration, and aging. While most clinical data are indirect—often involving drugs or interventions known to activate AMPK—there is a well-established mechanistic link between AMPK activation and improved mitochondrial function. Thus, there is strong scientific justification for targeting AMPK to support the mitochondrial body system.