Evidence supporting the use of: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
For the body system: Mitochondria
Synopsis
Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the primary energy currency of the cell, and its role in mitochondrial function is well established by decades of biochemical research. Mitochondria are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Exogenous ATP supplementation (oral or intravenous) has been explored in some studies for its effects on physical performance, fatigue, and recovery. However, the majority of ATP used by the body is synthesized intracellularly, and ATP consumed orally may not be efficiently absorbed intact due to rapid breakdown in the digestive system. Some studies have suggested that supplemental ATP or its precursors can transiently increase blood ATP levels and may have beneficial effects on muscle performance or reduce fatigue, but results are mixed and sometimes limited by study design.
In summary, ATP is intimately involved in mitochondrial function, and its importance is scientifically validated. However, the evidence supporting the use of supplemental ATP to support mitochondrial health or function in healthy individuals is moderate. Most benefits are likely due to endogenously produced ATP rather than external supplementation. Clinical applications of ATP (such as intravenous ATP for certain medical conditions) are supported by more robust evidence, but oral supplementation for general mitochondrial support is less well established.
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