Evidence supporting the use of: Bovine liver
For the body system: Mitochondria

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Bovine liver is recognized for its rich nutrient profile, particularly its high content of B vitamins (such as B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, and B12), iron, and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). These nutrients are directly involved in mitochondrial function and energy metabolism. For example, B vitamins act as cofactors in the mitochondrial electron transport chain and Krebs cycle, both essential for cellular energy (ATP) production. CoQ10, found in meaningful amounts in liver, is a crucial component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and supports ATP synthesis. Iron is critical for the formation of cytochromes, which are involved in electron transport within mitochondria.

Several studies have demonstrated that deficiencies in these nutrients can impair mitochondrial function and energy production. While there are few direct clinical trials on bovine liver supplementation for improving mitochondrial health, the established role of its constituent nutrients provides a scientific rationale for its use. Animal-derived organs like liver have traditionally been recommended in ancestral diets for energy and vitality, though such traditions are secondary to the modern scientific understanding of nutrient-mitochondria relationships.

Therefore, while bovine liver is not a targeted mitochondrial therapy, its nutrient density—especially in compounds essential for mitochondrial activity—offers a scientifically supported basis for its use to support mitochondrial health. However, direct human clinical evidence is limited, and most claims are extrapolated from the known functions of its nutrients.

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Other ingredients that support Mitochondria

7-Keto-DHEA
acetyl l-carnitine
adenosine 5-triphosphate disodium (ATP)
alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG)
amino acids
amylopectin
ashwagandha
bovine liver
caffeine
catechins
citicoline
coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
coffee fruit
copper
creatine monohydrate
d-alpha tocopherol
epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)
fisetin
fish oil
flavonols
fructose
fruit and vegetable blend (proprietary)
glycerophosphocholine (GPC)
gooseberry
grape
greens blend (proprietary)
hesperetin
knotweed
krill oil
l-carnitine
l-carnosine
l-citrulline
l-glutathione
l-glycine
l-taurine
lentinula edodes mycelia
linoleic acid (LA)
liquid liver fractions
luteolin
mackerel
magnesium
maitake mushroom
malic acid
maltodextrin
maltose
manganese
maqui berry
marine lipid
matcha
medium chain triglycerides (MCT)
melatonin
moringa
niacin (vitamin B3)
niacinamide (vitamin B3)
nicotinamide riboside
oleanolic acid
pantethine
pantothenic acid (vitamin B5)
phenolic acids
phosphatidylcholine
pyridoxal-5-phosphate (P-5-P)
pyrroloquinoline disodium salt
quercetin
quinoa
resveratrol
rhodiola
riboflavin (vitamin B2)
rosemary
sardines
selenium
black ginger
spinach
starch
stearic acid
strawberry
succinic acid
sulforaphane glucosinolate
thiamin (vitamin B1)
tocotrienols
trans-geranylgeraniol
trans-pterostilbene
tributyrin
turkey tail mushroom
ubiquinol
Urolithin A
vegetable and fruit blend (proprietary)
vitamin B
vitamin B
vitamin D3
water
watermelon
β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)
lingzhi
cistanche
ganoderma
electrolytes blend (proprietary)
polyphenols
trace minerals
fulvic acid
goji berry
herbal blend (proprietary)
algae
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)
thyroid substance
ashitaba
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Alpha polylactate
Apigenin
Alpha-Lipoic Acid
Ampelopsin
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
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Beta-hydroxybutyrate
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Caffeic Acid
Centrophenoxine
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Cocarboxylase
Capsinoids
Coenzyme A
Cardiolipin
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Creatine
C-Phycocyanin
Dihydrolipoic Acid
D-Ribose
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Ergothioneine
glucose
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