Evidence supporting the use of: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)
For the body system: Mitochondria

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major catechin found in green tea, has garnered scientific interest for its potential to support mitochondrial function. Preclinical studies have shown that EGCG can enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and protect mitochondrial integrity. Mechanistically, EGCG activates pathways such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), both of which are central to mitochondrial health and energy metabolism (Bose et al., 2015). Additionally, EGCG's antioxidant properties help reduce oxidative stress, a major factor in mitochondrial dysfunction. Animal models have demonstrated that EGCG supplementation can mitigate mitochondrial damage in conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic syndrome (Li et al., 2016).

However, direct clinical evidence in humans is limited. While some small trials and observational studies suggest possible benefits, robust, large-scale human studies specifically evaluating EGCG’s impact on mitochondrial function are lacking. Thus, while the mechanistic rationale is strong and supported by animal and in vitro research, the overall evidence in humans is currently moderate. EGCG is not traditionally used specifically for mitochondrial support, but its scientific profile has led to its inclusion in supplements targeting this system.

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