Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Glycine propionyl-L-carnitine (GPLC) is a propionyl ester of L-carnitine combined with glycine. It has been investigated for its effects on mitochondrial function, particularly in the context of energy metabolism and oxidative stress. Scientific studies, mainly small clinical trials and animal research, suggest that GPLC may support mitochondrial function by enhancing fatty acid transport into mitochondria, thus improving cellular energy production. Additionally, GPLC has antioxidant properties, reducing markers of oxidative stress that can impair mitochondrial efficiency.

Human research is limited but promising. Some trials in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and chronic fatigue have shown improvements in exercise performance, which may be linked to enhanced mitochondrial energy output. GPLC supplementation has also been associated with increased nitric oxide production, which improves blood flow and may indirectly benefit mitochondrial oxygen supply. However, the number of high-quality, large-scale human studies is limited, and more research is needed to confirm these effects and clarify the optimal dosing and populations that might benefit most. In summary, while the evidence base is not extensive, there is scientific rationale and some preliminary clinical support for the use of GPLC to support mitochondrial function, justifying a moderate evidence score.

More about Glycine propionyl-l-carnitine
More about Mitochondria

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acetyl l-carnitine
adenosine 5-triphosphate disodium (ATP)
alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG)
amino acids
amylopectin
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coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
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creatine monohydrate
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flavonols
fructose
fruit and vegetable blend (proprietary)
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gooseberry
grape
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hesperetin
knotweed
krill oil
l-carnitine
l-carnosine
l-citrulline
l-glutathione
l-glycine
l-taurine
lentinula edodes mycelia
linoleic acid (LA)
liquid liver fractions
luteolin
mackerel
magnesium
maitake mushroom
malic acid
maltodextrin
maltose
manganese
maqui berry
marine lipid
matcha
medium chain triglycerides (MCT)
melatonin
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niacin (vitamin B3)
niacinamide (vitamin B3)
nicotinamide riboside
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pantethine
pantothenic acid (vitamin B5)
phenolic acids
phosphatidylcholine
pyridoxal-5-phosphate (P-5-P)
pyrroloquinoline disodium salt
quercetin
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resveratrol
rhodiola
riboflavin (vitamin B2)
rosemary
sardines
selenium
black ginger
spinach
starch
stearic acid
strawberry
succinic acid
sulforaphane glucosinolate
thiamin (vitamin B1)
tocotrienols
trans-geranylgeraniol
trans-pterostilbene
tributyrin
turkey tail mushroom
ubiquinol
Urolithin A
vegetable and fruit blend (proprietary)
vitamin B
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vitamin D3
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electrolytes blend (proprietary)
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Alpha polylactate
Apigenin
Alpha-Lipoic Acid
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adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Animal protein
Beta-hydroxybutyrate
Beef liver
berry
Caffeic Acid
Centrophenoxine
Camellia sinensis
Cardarine
Cocarboxylase
Capsinoids
Coenzyme A
Cardiolipin
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Creatine
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Other body systems supported by Glycine propionyl-l-carnitine

Arteries
Blood
Circulatory System
Heart
Mitochondria
Muscles

Products containing Glycine propionyl-l-carnitine

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