Rhodiola sacra, closely related to Rhodiola rosea, is traditionally used in Tibetan and Chinese medicine for enhancing stamina and resilience. The interest in Rhodiola for mitochondrial support is based on its adaptogenic properties, particularly its impact on cellular energy metabolism. Several preclinical studies (mostly using Rhodiola rosea) suggest that Rhodiola and its active compounds, such as salidroside, can enhance mitochondrial function. These studies demonstrate increased ATP production, protection against mitochondrial oxidative stress, and improved exercise endurance in animal models. Some in vitro studies have shown that Rhodiola extracts support mitochondrial biogenesis and may activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a regulator of cellular energy homeostasis.

Human clinical evidence remains limited, with only a few small trials suggesting improved fatigue and endurance, but not specifically measuring mitochondrial function. There is scientific rationale and preliminary evidence for the use of Rhodiola sacra and its relatives in supporting mitochondrial health, but robust clinical validation is still lacking. Therefore, while the scientific foundation is promising, especially at the mechanistic and preclinical levels, the evidence is moderate rather than conclusive.