Schisandrin is a lignan compound found in the fruit of Schisandra chinensis, a traditional medicinal plant. Modern research has increasingly focused on schisandrin's effects on mitochondrial function. Several preclinical studies (mainly in vitro and animal models) suggest that schisandrin and its derivatives can enhance mitochondrial glutathione status, improve mitochondrial membrane potential, and protect against oxidative stress. Mechanistically, schisandrin has been shown to induce the expression of antioxidant enzymes and stabilize mitochondrial integrity under stress conditions. For example, studies have demonstrated that schisandrin B can increase ATP production and reduce mitochondrial swelling, indicating improved mitochondrial efficiency and resilience.

Despite these promising findings, most evidence comes from laboratory experiments rather than large-scale human trials. There is some traditional use of Schisandra chinensis for fatigue and liver health, which may indirectly relate to mitochondrial support, but the specific use of isolated schisandrin for mitochondrial function is primarily backed by contemporary scientific research rather than historical practice. Overall, the scientific evidence is moderate (rated 3/5): compelling in preclinical settings but lacking robust human data to fully validate its efficacy for mitochondrial health in clinical practice.