Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) has a long history of traditional use in herbal medicine, particularly in Europe. It has been used to support the health of mucus membranes, which are the moist linings found in areas such as the mouth, nose, and gastrointestinal tract. Folk practitioners and traditional herbal texts often recommended bilberry for conditions involving the mucosa, such as mouth and throat inflammation, mild diarrhea, and even eye health (due to the mucous membrane on the eye's surface).

The rationale for this use is largely based on bilberry's content of anthocyanins and tannins. Anthocyanins are thought to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, while tannins may exert an astringent effect, helping to tighten and tone mucosal tissues. Historical accounts and 19th- to early 20th-century European herbal literature frequently mention bilberry for its soothing effects on irritated mucus membranes.

However, there is limited modern scientific research directly investigating bilberry's effects on mucus membranes in humans. Most research focuses on its use for vascular health, eye health, and as an antioxidant. As such, while the use is justified by tradition, current evidence from clinical trials supporting its efficacy for mucus membrane health is minimal. Therefore, the evidence rating is modest, reflecting traditional support but a lack of robust scientific validation.

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