Glycyrrhetinic acid is a bioactive compound derived from licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra). It has been studied for its effects on mucus membranes, particularly in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Scientific research suggests that glycyrrhetinic acid exhibits anti-inflammatory and mucoprotective properties. In vitro and animal studies have shown that it can enhance mucus secretion, promote the repair of epithelial tissue, and inhibit the growth of certain pathogens. These effects are believed to result from its ability to inhibit enzymes such as 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and modulate inflammatory cytokine production.

Clinical studies are more limited but some evidence supports its use in conditions like gastric ulcers and oral mucositis, where it may accelerate healing and reduce inflammation of the mucosal lining. For example, glycyrrhetinic acid-containing mouthwashes and gels have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the severity and duration of oral ulcerations. However, most clinical trials are small and further robust, well-controlled studies are needed to confirm these effects in broader populations.

Overall, while the traditional use of licorice for soothing irritated mucus membranes provides some historical background, the use of isolated glycyrrhetinic acid is increasingly supported by emerging scientific data, particularly in the context of mucosal protection and healing.