Growth factors are proteins that play critical roles in cell signaling, proliferation, and differentiation. In the context of the nail body system, scientific evidence suggests that growth factors may support nail growth and repair, particularly in clinical settings where nail damage or dystrophy is present. Studies have shown that certain growth factors, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF), can stimulate the proliferation of keratinocytes, the primary cell type in nails. In vitro and small clinical studies have explored topical or injectable applications of these proteins to promote nail matrix regeneration and improve nail quality in disorders like lichen planus or after trauma.

However, the evidence is still limited and largely preliminary. Most research is either preclinical or consists of small case series; large randomized controlled trials are lacking. Growth factors are not widely used in over-the-counter nail products, but they may be incorporated into specialized treatments by dermatologists. Overall, while there is scientific rationale and emerging evidence for the use of growth factors to support the nail body system, the strength of the evidence remains modest, and further research is needed to establish efficacy, safety, and best practices for their use in nail health.