Glycyrrhizin, a bioactive compound derived from licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra), has garnered attention in oral surgery and dentistry due to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound-healing properties. Scientific studies, primarily in vitro and a limited number of clinical trials, indicate that glycyrrhizin can inhibit the growth of oral pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Its anti-inflammatory action is attributed to suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulation of immune responses, which may aid in reducing post-surgical inflammation.

In the context of oral surgery, glycyrrhizin-containing gels, mouthwashes, or topical formulations have been investigated for their potential to accelerate mucosal healing, decrease pain, and prevent secondary infections following procedures such as tooth extractions or treatment of oral ulcers. Some clinical studies suggest a reduction in healing time and symptomatic relief when glycyrrhizin preparations are used adjunctively. However, most data come from small-scale trials or animal studies, and high-quality, large randomized controlled studies are limited.

Overall, while there is a scientific rationale and preliminary evidence supporting the use of glycyrrhizin in oral surgery for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, the current level of clinical evidence is moderate. Its use is not solely based on tradition but is increasingly being explored in scientific research, warranting a rating of 3 out of 5 for the strength of supporting evidence.