Mastic, a resin obtained from the Pistacia lentiscus tree, has been traditionally used in the Mediterranean region for oral health, but recent years have seen a growing body of scientific literature evaluating its effects relevant to oral surgery. Research shows that mastic exhibits notable antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated mastic's ability to inhibit oral pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, which are implicated in periodontal disease and post-surgical infections.

Some clinical studies and pilot trials have shown that mastic gum can reduce dental plaque and gingival inflammation, suggesting potential benefits in post-oral-surgery care for promoting oral hygiene and possibly reducing infection risk. Its anti-inflammatory effects may also contribute to improved healing and reduced discomfort after procedures. However, the clinical evidence is limited by small sample sizes and short study durations, and there is a lack of large-scale, randomized controlled trials specifically targeting post-surgical outcomes.

In summary, while there is emerging scientific support for the adjunctive use of mastic in oral health and potentially in oral surgery care, the evidence is still preliminary (score: 2/5). More rigorous studies are needed to definitively establish its efficacy and to develop clear clinical guidelines.