Evidence supporting the use of: Flavonones (unspecified)
For the health condition: Osteoporosis

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Flavonones are a subclass of flavonoids—a group of polyphenolic plant compounds—commonly found in citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, and grapefruits. Scientific interest in flavonones for osteoporosis stems from their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may play a role in bone health. Preclinical studies, primarily in animal models, have demonstrated that certain flavonones (notably hesperidin and naringenin) may help prevent bone loss by modulating bone remodeling processes, increasing osteoblast (bone-forming cell) activity, and inhibiting osteoclast (bone-resorbing cell) function. Additionally, some in vitro studies suggest flavonones can positively affect bone mineralization and reduce oxidative stress, which are relevant in osteoporosis pathophysiology.

However, clinical evidence in humans is limited. A small number of human trials and epidemiological studies have explored the association between dietary flavonone intake and bone mineral density, with some showing modest benefits, especially in postmenopausal women. Despite these promising findings, the overall quality and quantity of human data are insufficient for strong recommendations. As such, the use of flavonones for osteoporosis is supported by preliminary scientific evidence, but further research—particularly large, well-designed clinical trials—is needed to confirm efficacy and determine optimal dosing and safety.

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