Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Phytocannabinoids, such as those found in cannabis (e.g., cannabidiol/CBD and tetrahydrocannabinol/THC), have scientific evidence supporting their influence on the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). The PNS is part of the autonomic nervous system, responsible for "rest and digest" functions, counterbalancing the sympathetic "fight or flight" response. Phytocannabinoids act primarily through the endocannabinoid system, which includes CB1 and CB2 receptors widely distributed in the nervous system, including regions regulating autonomic function.

Several preclinical and limited clinical studies suggest that phytocannabinoids can promote parasympathetic activity, as evidenced by decreased heart rate, reduced blood pressure, and enhanced relaxation or anxiolytic effects in some subjects. For example, CBD has been shown to reduce sympathetic arousal and may increase parasympathetic tone, possibly via modulation of serotonin receptors and indirect effects on the vagus nerve. Animal studies have consistently shown cannabinoids can modulate autonomic outflow.

However, human data remain somewhat limited, and effects can vary depending on the type of cannabinoid, dosage, and individual factors. While THC may sometimes cause tachycardia (suggestive of sympathetic activation), CBD is more consistently associated with parasympathetic support. Overall, phytocannabinoid use for supporting the parasympathetic nervous system is grounded in mechanistic and animal data, with emerging but not yet robust clinical evidence.

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