Icariin, a flavonoid glycoside derived from the Epimedium plant (commonly known as Horny Goat Weed), has been investigated in preclinical studies for its potential neuroprotective effects in models of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Although icariin is not a traditional treatment for PD, several laboratory and animal studies have suggested that it may exert beneficial effects relevant to the disease. Proposed mechanisms include antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effects, inhibition of neuronal apoptosis, and the upregulation of neurotrophic factors such as BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor). These actions may help protect dopaminergic neurons, which are progressively lost in PD.

For example, in vitro and rodent studies have shown that icariin can reduce oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial function in dopaminergic neurons exposed to toxins that mimic PD pathology. Some animal studies also report improved behavioral outcomes after icariin administration. However, there are currently no robust clinical trials in humans evaluating icariin for PD, and the evidence remains preliminary. The use of icariin for Parkinson’s Disease is therefore supported by early scientific research but lacks high-quality clinical validation. More comprehensive studies, especially in humans, are needed to establish efficacy, safety, and therapeutic protocols.