Evidence supporting the use of: Inosine
For the health condition: Parkinson's Disease
Synopsis
Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2
Inosine has been investigated as a potential adjunct therapy for Parkinson’s Disease (PD) due to its ability to elevate serum and cerebrospinal fluid urate levels. Epidemiological studies have observed that higher urate concentrations are associated with a slower rate of PD progression, suggesting a possible neuroprotective effect of urate—likely related to its antioxidant properties. The most notable trial, the SURE-PD (Safety of Urate Elevation in Parkinson’s Disease) and subsequent SURE-PD3 studies, examined whether inosine supplementation could safely elevate urate levels and slow clinical decline in early PD.
The SURE-PD3, a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, tested inosine in people with early PD but found no evidence that inosine slowed disease progression compared to placebo. While inosine effectively raised urate levels, it did not improve clinical outcomes or provide neuroprotection. Additionally, there were safety concerns, such as an increased risk of kidney stones. Thus, although the rationale for urate elevation was grounded in observational data and some mechanistic plausibility, randomized clinical trial evidence does not support the use of inosine for treating or modifying the course of Parkinson’s Disease.
In summary, while the use of inosine for PD is based on a scientific hypothesis and has been the subject of clinical trials, current evidence does not validate its efficacy. The strength of evidence supporting its use is weak (rated 2/5), and routine clinical use is not justified.
Other ingredients used for Parkinson's Disease
1,3,7-Trimethylpurine-2,6-dione7,8-Dihydroxyflavone
Acetyl L-carnitine
Agmatine
Akkermansia muciniphila
algal oil
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)
apigenin
ashwagandha
astragalin
bacoside
baicalein
baicalin
beta caryophyllene
biopterin
black garlic
brahmi
broad bean
butyrate triglyceride
C-phycocyanin
cannabidiol
carnosic acid
catalpol
catechins
citicoline
coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
creatine
curcumin
decarboxylase
DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)
eicosapentaenoic acid
EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)
epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)
ergothioneine
fava bean
ferulic acid
fisetin
fish oil
fo-ti
gastrodin
ginkgo biloba
Ginsenosides
Glucoraphanin
Glycosphingolipids
gotu kola
green tea
Gypenoside
Haematococcus pluvialis
hericium mushroom
Honokiol
icariin
inosine
isoliquiritigenin
Jatamansi
Kaempferol
L-carnosine
L-glutathione
lingzhi
lion's mane
luteolin
magnolol
mangiferin
medium chain triglycerides (MCT)
Melatonin
Myricetin
N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC)
NADH
nicotinamide riboside
Nobiletin
Oleuropein
omega-3 fatty acids
paeoniflorin
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA)
phosphatidylserine
Phosphocreatine
phytocannabinoids
Puerain
Puerarin
pyrroloquinoline quinone
quercetin
resveratrol
Salidroside
Salvianolic acid
SAMe (S-adenosyl-L-methionine disulfate p-toluensulfate)
Shilajit
specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs)
spirulina
Sulforaphane
sulforaphane glucosinolate
Tanshinone
Trehalose
Triacetyluridine
Tumerone
ubiquinol
Uncaria
Urolithin A
velvet bean
vitamin D
vitamin D3
Vitexin
Withanolides
Wogonin
Xanthine
Xanthohumol
Xanthone
β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)