Bifidobacterium (mixed strains) is used to support the immune system, including the function of Peyer’s patches—specialized lymphoid tissues in the small intestine that are important for mucosal immunity. Scientific studies have shown that Bifidobacterium species can interact with the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), and Peyer’s patches are a key component of this system. Research in both animal models and humans indicates that certain strains of Bifidobacterium can enhance the production of secretory IgA, stimulate dendritic cells, and promote regulatory T cell development within the gut mucosa, all of which are processes linked to Peyer’s patch activity.

For example, a study published in Immunology (2016) demonstrated that oral administration of Bifidobacterium breve in mice increased the number and activity of IgA-producing cells in Peyer’s patches. Human studies, while less direct, have shown that Bifidobacterium supplementation can modulate immune responses and may indirectly support the function of Peyer’s patches as part of the broader GALT network. However, most clinical studies focus on immune outcomes in general rather than specifically measuring effects on Peyer’s patches.

In summary, there is scientific evidence from preclinical and some human studies that Bifidobacterium can influence mucosal immunity and, by extension, Peyer’s patch function. Still, direct clinical evidence in humans specifically linking mixed Bifidobacterium supplementation to enhanced Peyer’s patches activity is limited, justifying a moderate evidence rating.