Evidence supporting the use of: Galactooligosaccharides
For the body system: Peyer’s patches

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Table of Contents

Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are prebiotic fibers known for their ability to modulate the gut microbiota and support gut-associated lymphoid tissue, including Peyer’s patches. Peyer’s patches are important immune structures in the small intestine that play a role in monitoring intestinal bacteria and generating immune responses. Several animal studies, particularly in mice and piglets, have demonstrated that dietary supplementation with GOS can increase the number and activity of immune cells in Peyer’s patches, enhance immunoglobulin A (IgA) production, and promote mucosal immunity (Schley & Field, 2002; Li et al., 2014). Mechanistically, GOS may exert these effects by increasing beneficial gut bacteria such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, which in turn interact with the immune system via the gut epithelium and Peyer’s patches. While much of the evidence comes from animal models, some human clinical studies suggest that GOS supplementation can modulate immune parameters, though direct effects on Peyer’s patches in humans are less well characterized. In summary, there is moderate scientific evidence, mostly from preclinical studies, to support the use of GOS for supporting the immune functions associated with Peyer’s patches.

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