Evidence supporting the use of: Oligosaccharides
For the body system: Peyer’s patches

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Table of Contents

Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Oligosaccharides, particularly prebiotic types such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and galactooligosaccharides (GOS), have some scientific evidence supporting their role in supporting the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), which includes Peyer’s patches. Peyer’s patches are important immune sensors in the small intestine and play a crucial role in mucosal immunity. Several animal and in vitro studies suggest that dietary oligosaccharides can stimulate the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. These bacteria, in turn, can enhance the development and function of the immune system in the gut, including the activation of Peyer’s patches. Research indicates that prebiotic oligosaccharides may increase secretory IgA production, modulate cytokine expression, and promote the maturation of immune cells in Peyer’s patches. For instance, studies in mice have shown that oligosaccharide supplementation increases the number and activity of immune cells in Peyer’s patches and may enhance resistance to intestinal infections. However, direct evidence from human clinical trials is limited, and most findings are based on preclinical studies. The existing human data suggest potential immunomodulatory effects but are not yet conclusive. In summary, there is some scientific basis, primarily from animal and mechanistic studies, for using oligosaccharides to support the function of Peyer’s patches and gut immunity. More high-quality human research is needed to confirm these effects and clarify the clinical significance.

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