Relationship: PMS (general) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)

Evidence supporting the use of: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)
For the health condition: PMS (general)

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Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid primarily found in fish oil, has been investigated for its potential role in alleviating premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms. The rationale for its use stems from EPA's anti-inflammatory properties and its ability to modulate neurotransmitter activity—both of which are thought to contribute to PMS symptomatology, including mood changes, bloating, and breast tenderness.

There are several small-scale clinical studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the impact of omega-3 fatty acids (including EPA and DHA) on PMS. Some studies have reported statistically significant improvements in PMS symptoms among women supplementing with fish oil or EPA-rich formulations compared to placebo. For example, a 2013 randomized, double-blind study found that women taking omega-3 supplements experienced reductions in physical and psychiatric PMS symptoms. However, most trials use combinations of EPA and DHA, making it difficult to isolate the specific effects of EPA alone.

Despite these promising findings, the overall quality and quantity of evidence remain limited. Many studies are small, short in duration, or have methodological weaknesses. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses generally conclude that while omega-3s may provide modest relief for some PMS symptoms, more robust and larger-scale studies are needed before EPA can be widely recommended as a primary treatment option for PMS.

In summary, there is some scientific support for the use of EPA in managing PMS, but the evidence is currently rated as low to moderate, and further research is required for definitive conclusions.

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Evidence supporting the use of: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)
For the health condition: PMS (general)

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Evidence supporting the use of: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)For the health condition: PMS (general)

Table of Contents

Synopsis

Other ingredients used for PMS (general)

Other health conditions supported by EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)

Products containing EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)

Evidence supporting the use of: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)
For the health condition: PMS (general)