Balsam Poplar (Populus balsamifera) has been used traditionally by some Indigenous peoples and herbalists to treat skin irritations, including those caused by poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) or poison oak (Toxicodendron diversilobum). The sticky resin from the buds is applied topically as a salve or ointment with the belief that its anti-inflammatory and soothing properties can alleviate itching, redness, and discomfort associated with these rashes.

However, there is a lack of modern scientific validation supporting its efficacy for this particular indication. While some laboratory studies have identified anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial compounds within Balsam Poplar buds (such as salicylates and flavonoids), these results have not been specifically studied in the context of poison ivy or oak dermatitis in controlled clinical trials. Historical herbal literature and ethnobotanical records do reference its use for general skin ailments and wounds, but these reports are largely anecdotal.

In summary, the use of Balsam Poplar for treating poison ivy or oak reactions is primarily based on traditional knowledge, with minimal scientific investigation or validation. People considering its use should be aware of the absence of robust clinical evidence and consult healthcare professionals for severe reactions.