Paeonia moutan (commonly known as "Moutan peony root" or "Mu Dan Pi") has a long history of use in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), where it is included in herbal formulas to support women's health, particularly in the postpartum period. In TCM theory, postpartum weakness is often attributed to "blood deficiency" and "stasis," and Paeonia moutan is believed to "cool the blood," remove blood stasis, and promote circulation. Classical texts and modern TCM practice reference its inclusion in combination formulas meant to restore vitality and address weakness, fatigue, and discomfort following childbirth.

However, there is limited direct scientific evidence specifically validating the use of Paeonia moutan for postpartum weakness. Most available studies focus on its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anticoagulant properties, as well as its effects on gynecological conditions like dysmenorrhea. While some animal and in vitro studies suggest potential benefits for blood circulation and inflammation, clinical trials in postpartum women are lacking. Thus, the justification for its use in this context is primarily traditional, and the evidence from clinical science remains weak to moderate.