Evidence supporting the use of: Omega-3 fatty acids
For the body system: Prostaglandins

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), have robust scientific evidence supporting their role in modulating the prostaglandin system. Prostaglandins are lipid compounds derived from fatty acids that perform hormone-like functions, including regulating inflammation and vascular tone. Omega-3s are incorporated into cell membranes and serve as substrates for the production of less inflammatory prostaglandins and other eicosanoids compared to those derived from omega-6 fatty acids (like arachidonic acid). Specifically, EPA is converted to series-3 prostaglandins (e.g., PGE3), which tend to be less pro-inflammatory than series-2 prostaglandins (e.g., PGE2) made from arachidonic acid. Numerous studies have shown that increasing dietary omega-3s can shift the balance of eicosanoid production towards a less inflammatory profile. This mechanism is one reason why omega-3 supplementation is recommended for supporting cardiovascular health and managing inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses (such as those published in journals like Circulation and Rheumatology) have documented both biochemical shifts in prostaglandin profiles and corresponding clinical benefits. Thus, the use of omega-3 fatty acids to support the prostaglandin system is well validated by modern biochemical and clinical research.

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