Evidence supporting the use of: Catalase
For the health condition: Radiation Sickness

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Catalase is an enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, thereby protecting cells from oxidative damage. The rationale for its use in radiation sickness primarily stems from its antioxidant properties: exposure to ionizing radiation generates large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide, which contribute to cellular and tissue damage. Experimental studies, mainly in animal models, have investigated catalase as a protective agent against radiation-induced oxidative stress. For example, administration of catalase or catalase-mimetics has shown some ability to reduce radiation-induced injury in tissues such as bone marrow and gastrointestinal tract in rodents. These effects are attributed to catalase’s ability to reduce oxidative burden and subsequent cellular apoptosis. However, while the mechanistic basis and preclinical data suggest potential benefit, robust clinical evidence in humans is lacking. There are no large-scale or well-controlled human trials confirming catalase’s efficacy as a treatment for radiation sickness. Its use is not standard in clinical practice, and most supportive care for acute radiation syndrome relies on symptomatic management and, in some cases, hematopoietic growth factors. Therefore, while there is some scientific rationale and limited preclinical evidence, the overall strength of evidence is weak, and catalase cannot be considered a validated or widely accepted therapy for radiation sickness at this time.

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