Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) has been used for centuries in traditional Ayurvedic medicine to support reproductive health in both men and women. In Ayurveda, it is considered a "rasayana," or rejuvenator, believed to enhance vitality, improve libido, and support fertility. Traditionally, ashwagandha root is used to address sexual dysfunction, increase sperm count and motility in men, and balance hormones in women.

Modern scientific studies have begun to explore these traditional claims. Some clinical trials suggest ashwagandha supplementation may improve certain parameters of male fertility, such as sperm concentration, motility, and testosterone levels, particularly in men with infertility issues or under high stress. For example, a 2010 study in "Fertility & Sterility" found improved semen quality and antioxidant levels in infertile men after ashwagandha supplementation. In women, evidence is more limited, but some preliminary studies indicate potential benefits for stress reduction and hormonal balance, which can indirectly support reproductive health.

Overall, while traditional use is strong and there is emerging scientific support—particularly for male reproductive health—high-quality, large-scale clinical trials are still needed to confirm efficacy and clarify mechanisms. Thus, its use to support the reproductive system is primarily justified by tradition, with growing but not definitive scientific evidence.