Clerodendrum phlomidis (also known as Arni or Bhargi) has a long-standing history in traditional Ayurvedic and Siddha medicine for the treatment of inflammatory conditions, including those resembling rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Its roots and leaves have been used in decoctions or pastes to manage joint pain, swelling, and other symptoms associated with rheumatic diseases. The traditional use is primarily based on its reputed anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant properties.

Scientific studies investigating Clerodendrum phlomidis are limited but do provide some preliminary support. Animal studies, such as those published in Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2004) and Phytotherapy Research (2006), have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects in models of induced arthritis, with observed reductions in paw swelling and inflammatory markers. The plant contains bioactive compounds like flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids, which may contribute to these effects. However, clinical evidence in humans is lacking, and there are no robust, large-scale clinical trials confirming efficacy or safety for RA patients. Thus, while traditional use is strong and there is limited preclinical scientific data, the overall evidence is modest and does not meet modern clinical standards.

In summary, Clerodendrum phlomidis is traditionally used in Indian medicine systems to manage symptoms akin to rheumatoid arthritis, with some animal studies lending support to its anti-inflammatory potential. Nonetheless, rigorous clinical validation is absent, and its use remains primarily rooted in tradition.