Evidence supporting the use of: Docosahexaenoic Acid
For the health condition: Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Evidence Synopsis

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid commonly found in fish oil. Its use in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is primarily based on its anti-inflammatory properties, which are supported by scientific research, though the evidence is moderate rather than definitive.

Several clinical trials and meta-analyses have investigated the effects of omega-3 fatty acids (which include both DHA and EPA) in RA patients. Studies suggest that supplementation with omega-3s may lead to a reduction in joint pain, morning stiffness, and the number of tender joints. The anti-inflammatory action is thought to be mediated through decreased production of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids, cytokines, and reactive oxygen species.

However, most clinical studies combine DHA with EPA, making it difficult to attribute effects specifically to DHA alone. Overall, the evidence indicates a modest benefit for RA symptoms, but not necessarily for halting disease progression. International guidelines such as those from the American College of Rheumatology recognize omega-3 supplementation as an adjunct to standard therapy, not a replacement.

In summary, there is scientific validation for the use of DHA (in combination with EPA) in supporting the management of symptoms in rheumatoid arthritis, but the strength of evidence is moderate (rated 3/5), and its use should be considered supportive rather than primary therapy.

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