Evidence supporting the use of: Fish Liver oil
For the health condition: Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Fish liver oil, particularly cod liver oil, has been used both traditionally and in modern times to support joint health, including in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The scientific rationale for its use lies in its high content of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (EPA and DHA), which have anti-inflammatory properties. Several clinical studies and meta-analyses have investigated fish oil supplementation in RA patients. Results indicate that fish oil may reduce joint pain and stiffness, allow for a reduction in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) usage, and improve some markers of disease activity. For example, a meta-analysis published in Rheumatology (2007) found a modest but significant benefit of fish oil supplementation on joint pain and morning stiffness in RA patients. However, effects on disease progression or remission are less clear, and not all studies have shown benefit. Doses used in studies are typically higher than those found in standard dietary supplements. While fish liver oil also contains vitamins A and D, the anti-inflammatory effects are primarily attributed to the omega-3 content. In summary, there is moderate scientific evidence supporting the adjunctive use of fish liver oil (specifically for its omega-3s) in RA, though it is not a replacement for conventional treatments. Optimal dosing, formulation, and long-term effects require further study.

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