Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Fish protein, particularly as found in fatty fish and fish-derived supplements such as fish oil, has scientific validation for its supportive role in the management of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). The benefits are largely attributed to the high content of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), rather than the protein per se. Multiple randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have demonstrated that omega-3 supplementation can reduce joint pain, morning stiffness, and the need for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in people with RA. The anti-inflammatory properties of these fatty acids are thought to modulate the immune response and suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of RA. While most research highlights omega-3 fatty acids, there is emerging but limited evidence that certain peptides derived from fish protein may also possess anti-inflammatory properties. However, this area is less well-studied compared to the effects of fish oil. Major health organizations, including the American College of Rheumatology, acknowledge the potential role of dietary fish or fish oil supplementation as an adjunct to conventional therapy, though they emphasize it is not a replacement for disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). In summary, there is moderate scientific evidence supporting the use of fish-derived nutrients, primarily omega-3s, in the supportive management of RA symptoms.

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