Evidence supporting the use of: Nicotine
For the health condition: Schizophrenia
Synopsis
Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2
Nicotine has been investigated for its potential to alleviate certain symptoms of schizophrenia, particularly cognitive deficits and some negative symptoms. This stems from observations that individuals with schizophrenia have higher rates of tobacco smoking than the general population, leading researchers to hypothesize a form of "self-medication." Scientific studies have shown that nicotine acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are involved in cognitive processes such as attention and working memory—functions often impaired in schizophrenia. Some clinical trials and laboratory studies have demonstrated that nicotine administration (via patch or other delivery methods) can produce modest improvements in attention, sensory gating, and possibly working memory in people with schizophrenia. However, the effect sizes are generally small, and nicotine has not been shown to improve core psychotic symptoms or lead to substantial functional recovery. No major clinical guidelines recommend nicotine as a treatment, but research continues into selective nicotinic receptor agonists as potential therapeutics. Smoking itself, as a means of nicotine intake, is associated with significant health risks and is not recommended. In summary, while there is some scientific basis for nicotine’s effects on cognition in schizophrenia, the evidence is limited and does not support routine clinical use of nicotine for treating schizophrenia as a whole.
Other health conditions supported by Nicotine
Addictions (drugs)Addictions (tobacco smoking or chewing)
Attention Deficit Disorder
Memory and Brain Function
Parkinson's Disease
Schizophrenia