Proteolytic enzymes (proteases) such as bromelain, trypsin, and papain have been used in the management of wounds, including scratches and abrasions, primarily to aid in debridement and enhance healing. Scientific studies, particularly from the mid-20th century onwards, have explored their topical and oral application for wound care. These enzymes help break down necrotic (dead) tissue and fibrin, which can accelerate the cleaning of wounds and potentially reduce inflammation. Systematic reviews and clinical trials have shown mixed results: some studies demonstrate modest benefits in wound debridement and faster healing times, while others find no significant difference compared to standard care.

The evidence base is stronger for their use in chronic wounds (such as pressure ulcers and burns) rather than simple scratches or superficial abrasions. The U.S. FDA has approved some proteolytic enzyme-containing topical preparations for wound debridement, but not specifically for minor scratches or abrasions. The overall quality of evidence is moderate to low due to variability in study design, small sample sizes, and inconsistent outcome measures.

In summary, while there is some scientific rationale and limited clinical evidence supporting the use of proteolytic enzymes in wound management, their efficacy for minor scratches and abrasions is not robustly established. They may offer benefit in facilitating wound cleaning, but are not considered first-line or essential for minor, uncomplicated skin injuries.