Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in mood regulation, and its dysregulation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). Scientific evidence supports the involvement of serotonin in SAD, as studies have found that serotonin transporter binding is higher in individuals with SAD during winter, leading to lower serotonin activity. This is thought to contribute to depressive symptoms. Treatments that increase serotonin activity in the brain, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), have been shown to be effective in alleviating symptoms of SAD in randomized controlled trials. For example, fluoxetine and sertraline, both SSRIs, are frequently prescribed for SAD and have demonstrated efficacy in clinical studies. Additionally, light therapy, a first-line treatment for SAD, is believed to increase serotonin turnover in the brain. However, it is important to note that direct supplementation with serotonin itself is not a standard treatment, as serotonin does not efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier. Instead, medications or interventions that modulate the serotonin system are the evidence-based approaches. Overall, there is substantial scientific validation for targeting the serotonin system in the management of SAD, reflected in current psychiatric practice and treatment guidelines.

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