Evidence supporting the use of: Ginkgo biloba
For the health condition: Senility

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Ginkgo biloba is widely used to support cognitive function and is commonly marketed for the treatment of age-related cognitive decline, including "senility" and mild forms of dementia. The justification for its use is based on both tradition (as it has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries) and scientific research. However, the primary driver in modern times is scientific investigation. Numerous randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have evaluated the efficacy of standardized Ginkgo biloba extract (such as EGb 761) in improving cognitive performance in older adults with mild to moderate cognitive impairment or dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease. Results are mixed: some studies report modest improvements in memory, attention, and activities of daily living, while others find no significant benefit compared to placebo. A 2020 Cochrane review concluded that Ginkgo biloba appears to have positive effects on cognitive function, but the clinical relevance is uncertain and the overall effect size is small. Safety is generally good, but there are potential interactions with anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs. In summary, while there is scientific evidence supporting its use for cognitive decline, the benefits are modest and not universally accepted, leading to a moderate evidence rating.

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