Evidence supporting the use of: 5-HTP
For the body system: Serotonin

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

5-HTP (5-hydroxytryptophan) is a naturally occurring amino acid and chemical precursor in the biosynthesis of serotonin, an important neurotransmitter involved in mood regulation, sleep, and appetite. The use of 5-HTP to support the serotonin system is primarily justified by scientific evidence, though the overall quality and consistency of the data are moderate. Clinical studies have shown that oral supplementation with 5-HTP can increase serotonin levels in the brain, as it crosses the blood-brain barrier and is converted to serotonin. Several small clinical trials suggest that 5-HTP supplementation may help alleviate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia, conditions often linked to serotonin deficiency. However, many of these studies have limitations such as small sample sizes, short durations, or lack of replication. A 2002 systematic review concluded that 5-HTP may be more effective than placebo for depression, but the evidence was rated as insufficient due to methodological flaws. Larger, high-quality randomized controlled trials are still needed. Despite these limitations, the mechanistic rationale for 5-HTP’s effect on serotonin is strong, and its use is supported by a moderate body of scientific research, particularly as an over-the-counter supplement for mood support. Safety concerns, including the risk of serotonin syndrome when combined with other serotonergic drugs, should be considered.

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Products containing 5-HTP

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