Evidence supporting the use of: Omega-3 fatty acids
For the body system: Serotonin

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have been scientifically studied for their effects on neurotransmitter systems, including serotonin. Several clinical and preclinical studies suggest that omega-3s can influence serotonin signaling in the brain. Mechanistically, omega-3 fatty acids are vital components of neuronal cell membranes and help maintain fluidity, which is important for optimal neurotransmitter function. Some research indicates that omega-3 supplementation may increase serotonin receptor sensitivity and facilitate serotonin release, potentially improving mood and supporting mental health.

Meta-analyses and systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials have found modest benefits of omega-3 supplementation (especially EPA-predominant formulations) in reducing symptoms of depression, a condition often associated with altered serotonin function. However, direct evidence linking omega-3s to increased serotonin levels in humans is limited, and the effects may vary depending on individual factors and baseline omega-3 status. Overall, while there is reasonable scientific support for the role of omega-3 fatty acids in supporting aspects of the serotonin system and mood regulation, the strength of evidence is moderate and not definitive.

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