Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Saffron (Crocus sativus) has been traditionally used for mood enhancement in Persian and other traditional medicine systems. In recent years, a growing body of scientific research has investigated its effects on the serotonin system and mood regulation. Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses suggest that saffron supplementation (typically 30 mg/day) can have a moderate antidepressant effect in individuals with mild to moderate depression. These effects are believed to be related, in part, to saffron’s influence on serotonin metabolism and reuptake, though the precise mechanisms remain under investigation.

Active compounds in saffron, such as crocin and safranal, are thought to modulate neurotransmitter levels, including serotonin. Preclinical studies indicate that these compounds may inhibit serotonin reuptake, thus increasing serotonin availability in the brain, similar to the mechanism of some antidepressant medications. Human trials have generally found saffron to be more effective than placebo and comparable to some standard antidepressants (such as fluoxetine) in mild to moderate cases.

However, most studies are relatively small and short in duration, and larger, longer-term trials are needed to confirm these findings and establish safety. Nonetheless, the current evidence base provides moderate scientific support for saffron’s use in supporting the serotonin system and mood, justifying a rating of 3 out of 5.

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